Ukuthumela imithwalo yebhuluki yezikhiqizo zokugcina umkhakha wokusebenza kwe-campus.

Ukusebenzisa izintambo ezinkulu ze-fiber optic nezethusi ezakhiwe kuyo yonke indawo yaseyunivesithi, ipaki yezinkampani, noma izakhiwo ezinkulu zezikhungo kuhluke kakhulu ekufakeni ukugijima kwendawo egumbini elilodwa leseva noma ehhovisi elincane. Izindawo zasekhampasi zidinga ukudonsa imicu emikhulu ye-fibre emamitha amaningi, ukuzulazula emikhombeni engaphansi komhlaba, izakhiwo eziphakathi kwezakhiwo, kanye nezinhlaka zokuhambisa ezinokuqina okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezinsuku zokugcina zokwakha eziqinile.

Ukufakwa kwe-network yase-campus okupheleleyo kubhekisele kakhulu ekuphakameni kwemithambo yokuphakama phambi kokufakwa, ukuphakama okupheleleyo nokuphakama kwezindawo, izindlela zokugcina ngendlela efanele, nokuzimisa ngamaphuzu amaningi.

1. Isikhala Sekhaya Sesikhala: Izinkinga Zokubaluleka Kwemithambo Nokubaluleka Kwemiphumela Yazo

Kukufakwa kwe-backbone yase-campus, iziphulo ezingaphansi zokufakwa zihlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kusuka emathambeni amaningi. Ukujabula izindlela zokusebenza kwezinto zokubaluleka nokubaluleka kwemiphumela yazo kuyisisekelo sokubaluleka phambi kokufakwa komkhakha wokufakwa.

Izinkomba Zokubaluleka Kwemithambo Nokubaluleka Kwemiphumela Yazo:

• Ukuphakama Nokuphakama Kwezinto Zokusebenza: Ukuphakama kwezimbhakabhaka eziningi (njengokuthi izimbhakabhaka zezifiber ezi-144 noma ezi-288) kusuka emathambeni angaphezu kwe-300 kuya kwe-500 meters akhuthaza ukuphakama okupheleleyo. Ukuphakama okupheleleyo okungafanele kubangela ukuphakama okupheleleyo kwe-glass (microbends ne-macrobends), okubangela ukuphakama okupheleleyo kwe-optical nokuphakama okupheleleyo kwe-signal ngokuphakade.

• Ukuphakama Kwezindawo Eziningi Zokusebenza: Umgogodla owodwa wekhampasi uvame ukuwela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene:

  • Imigudu Engaphansi Komhlaba Nezikhala Zomsele: Ingaphansi kokugcwala kwamanzi, ukungcola, imfucumfucu, amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, kanye nezingozi zokuqhekeka ngokomzimba.

  • Izakhiwo eziphakemeyo eziphakemeyo: Kudingeka amajazi akhethekile avikela umlilo (OFNR/OFNP) nezinsimbi eziqondile zokunciphisa ukucindezelwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuthi isisindo sekhebula singadonsela izintambo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

  • Amathreyi aphezulu nama-Plenum: Kumelwe ihambisane nemithetho eqinile yomlilo futhi igcine ibanga elifanele nezintambo zikagesi eziphakeme ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka nezingozi zokuphepha.

• Ukuhlanzeka kwesiteshi nokugcwalisa: Ukucabanga kabi ngezinga lokugcwalisa noma ukuzama ukudonsa izimbobo ezingaphansi komhlaba ezichotshoziwe noma ezivinjelwe kancane kuholela ekumeni kwezintambo, ukuchotshozwa kwamajazi, nasekulungisweni kwezindlu ezibizayo.

2. Ukubamba iqhaza Ubunjiniyela Bokuqala: Ukuhlola Indawo, Ukuqondisa, Nokubeka Amalebula

Ukuhlanganisa kwezindlela kuyaphendula ngqo ekuphakamiseni kweminyaka yokuqala yokufaka isikhombisa. Kunezinkambo ezingaphezu kwezilivu nezintathu zezinkambo zokuphumelela kokuphakama kuzokwenzwa kabefore umkhumbi wokugcina wokuqala ungavulwa.

Amasithili amahle okufaka isikhombisa kabefore ukufakwa:

1. Ukubhalisa kwezindlela zonke: Izimetro zonke zendlala eyalandelwayo kufanele zibhaliswe ngokwesibonelo. Abatekinisi kufanele bakhankanye ukuthi izindawo zokugcina ziyasebenza ngokusebenzisa ukubhalisa kwe-mandrel, balingane izinguquko zokuphakama, bakhumbule konke amahlathi okukhanya (bavumela ukuthi izinguquko zonke phakathi kwamabhokisi okukhanya azikwazi ukuphikisa izilivu nezintathu), futhi bafunde amabhokisi onke okukhanya okuphakathi.

2. Isikhombisa sokuhlanganisa izikhombisa: Isikhombisa sokuhlanganisa isikhombisa sokuhlanganisa kufanele sibhaliswe kuzo zonke izindawo zokufaka isikhombisa, izindawo zokufaka isikhombisa, nezindawo zokufaka isikhombisa. Le sikhombisa isikhombisa izinguquko zokuphakama, izindawo zokukhanya, izindawo zokukhanya, nezindawo zokukhanya zokufaka isikhombisa.

3. Isikhombisa sokubhalisa esihle: Zonke izintambo, izintambo zangaphakathi, izitsha zokubopha, kanye nezindawo zokungena ze-patch panel kufanele zibe namalebula aqinile, afanayo emikhawulweni yombili ngaphambi nangemva nje kokudonsa. Ukufaka uphawu olucacile kuvimbela amaphutha amakhulu okuhlola ngesikhathi sokulungisa nokulungisa izinkinga esikhathini esizayo.

3. Ukuphila okujabulisayo Ukukhetha Izingosi Zokudlulisa Izindaba Nezikhumbuzo Zokugcina

Ukuqamba inethiwekhi ye-campus eguquguqukayo, eqinisekisa ikusasa kudinga ukukhetha ukwakheka kwekhebula elifanele ezingxenyeni ezithile nokukhetha indlela efanele yokuqeda.

Umgogodla wangaphandle vs. Imidiya Ephakathi Eqondile

• Izintambo zangaphandle ze-Loose-Tube Fiber: Yakhelwe ukuba isetshenziswe phakathi kwezakhiwo emikhombeni engaphansi komhlaba nasezintabeni. Zinezingqimba ezigcwele ijeli noma ezivimbela amanzi omile ezivimbela ukungena komswakama futhi zivumele amashubhu athile okuvikela ukuba antante ngokukhululekile, amunca ukwanda nokucinana okubangelwa ukushintsha kwamazinga okushisa.

• Izintambo ze-Fiber eziqinile ezifakwe i-buffer ngaphakathi: Yafunekile ukusuka kwezindawo zokuthengisa ngaphakathi kwesifundazwe nokuphakama kwezindawo zokuthengisa. Zinamagama amathuba okukhanya, amakhanda okukhanya okungabikho, nezindlela zokukhanya ezinamagama amathuba okukhanya (900-micron) okufanekileyo, okufanele kubhekwa, kubhekwa, nokugcina ngqo emagumbini e-telecommunications.

• Isiqephu se-Category 6A / Cat8 Structured Copper: Kusetshenziswa ukusuka kwezindawo zokuthengisa kuizindawo zokuthengisa kuzo izindawo zokuthengisa, izindawo zokuthengisa zokusebenza (WAPs), izikhamera zokuhlonipha, namasimu okuthengisa esifundazweni okudinga ukuthengisa okukhulu kwe-Power over Ethernet (PoE++).

Indlela yokugcina: Ukugcina Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi vs. Ukugcina Ngaphakathi Kwesikhathi

• Izindlela Zokugcina Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi: Ziyisifiso sokugcina ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezindawo zokuthengisa zokuthengisa ngokuthekelwe. Zihamba ngokuphelele kwezindawo zokuthengisa, okuthintela ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa abantu bokuthengisa ngaphakathi kwesikhathi, futhi okuthintela ukuthi kungabi nokuqondwa kwezinto ezithintela ukuthengisa ngaphakathi kwesikhathi.

• Ukugcina Ngaphakathi Kwesikhathi: Kubalulekile emizileni eyinkimbinkimbi enamabanga angalindelekile okudonsa noma imingcele eqinile yomsele lapho amehlo okudonsa engakwazi ukudlula khona. I-fusion splicing inikeza ukulahleka okuphansi kokufakwa (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-0.05 dB nge-splice) nokuthembeka okuhle kakhulu kwemishini.

4. Ukubamba iqhaza I-Matrix Yokulawula Ikhwalithi Nezivivinyo Zokusebenza Ezinezinyathelo Eziningi

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izixhumanisi ezifakiwe zisekela ukufuduka kwejubane eliphezulu (40G, 100G, ne-400G Ethernet), ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenzeke ngokuqhubekayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni sokuthi kuphela ekubhaleni kokugcina.

Iprotocol Yokuhlola Yamazinga Amathathu:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-on-reel (Ukufakwa kwangaphambili): Hlola zonke izintambo ze-fiber nge-Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) ngenkathi zisese-spool yokuthumela ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho monakalo wangaphakathi wokukhiqiza noma wokuhamba ngaphambi kokudonsa.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokudonsa ngemuva (Ngaphambi kokuqedwa): Yenza ukuhlolwa kokuqhubeka nokulandelela i-OTDR ngokushesha ngemva kokudonsa izintambo ngemigudu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukudonsa ukucindezelwa akuzange kubangele ukuqhekeka okuncane noma ukulimala kwejazi.

3. Ukuqinisekiswa kwesixhumanisi sokugcina: Yenza i-Tier 1 (Isimo sokuzilungisa kwezinkambo zokubona) ne-Tier 2 (Ukuchaza kwesikhathi sokuthiwa kwe-OTDR) kuzonke izikhundla ezenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungiswa kwezinkambo, ukulungiswa kwesibhakabhaka, ubukhulu bekusuka kuqala kuqeda, nokuphelelwa kwesilinganiso sokugcina.

Isilumkile sokusebenza nokuvikela