Ukh difference phakathi kwe-LAN cable ne-WAN cable kukuphi?

Ukuzwisisa i-LAN cable: Izingxenye, izimboni, ukusebenza, nokukhetha ikhabela elihlanganisa

I-LAN cable yini futhi kungani ibalulekile kwezinhlanzi zezindaba zama-21?

A I-LAN cable yikhabela lezinhlanzi yezindaba ezifana nezikhundla zezinkundla, izivela, izikhundla zokugcina, izikhundla zokuvula, izikhundla zokufaka umthwalo wezinhlanzi, nezinye izikhundla zezinhlanzi ezihlanganisa emaphakathini (LAN). Inquma ukuxhumana okuphelele kwezinhlanzi zokuthumela imithwalo futhi isebenzisa njengomunye wemiphumela eyinkulu kwezinhlanzi zezindaba zama-21.

Kusukela kwezinkqubo zokuxhuma ngendlela engazi, izikabha zesixhuma se-Ethernet zinamandla okufaka isibonelo esincane, ubukhulu bekhona kanye nebandwidth eyodwa, futhi zisetyenziswa kakhulu emaphondweni, emaphondweni wezindawo zokugcina amadatha, emaphondweni wokusebenza kanye nemaphondweni yezinhlangano. Isixhuma esihle sesikabha sesixhuma sivumela ukusebenza kahle kwezindlela zokusebenza njenge-cloud computing, ukuxhuma ngovidiyo, izithombe zokuxhuma ngolwimi, izinhlangano zokulandela isikhungo, kanye nezinhlangano zezibalo zokusebenza.

Izikabha zezixhuma eziningi zisebenzisa i-copper wiring ephindwe kabili nesiconnecter se-RJ45, okuyisifundo sokuxhuma kwezixhuma zase-Ethernet. Ngokuphila kwezindlela zokuxhuma i-Power over Ethernet (PoE), isikabha esisodwa sesixhuma senza ukuthumela imininingwane kanye nomthelelo wokusebenza, futhi kusiza izinhlangano ukufaka izinto njengezithombe zokuxhuma ngolwimi, izithombe zokuxhuma ngendlela engazi, kanye nezithombe zokuxhuma ngolwimi zase-IP ngaphandle kokuthunyelwa kwamaphepha okusebenza.

Kubizwa izinhlangano ezibhala izinxwema zokuxhuma ezinamandla, ukukhetha isikabha sesixhuma esihle siyisidingo sokuvumela ukusebenza, ukwakha kanye nokuzimisa ukusebenza kwezinsuku zangaphambili.

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Izikhombi Zemithambo Yelan: Ukuchazwa Kwamaphuzu Kusuka KuCat5e Ukuze KuCat8

Imithambo Yelan Yethernet iyadlulwa ngamaphuzu amabili ngokwezinkampani zokuthuthukisa, ubungakanani bebandwidth, nokufundiswa kwe-frequency. Amaphuzu amaningi okwesikhathi esihlwa ayisukela kuCat5e ukuze kuCat8.

*I-Cat6 ingakwazi ukuthumela 10 Gbps ngemiphumela yezimo ephambili, futhi ngokujwayelekile ku-55 imitha.

Kuzo zonke izinhlangano zokusebenza, i-Cat6 ne-Cat6a LAN cables zinconywa njengokubaluleka kakhulu phakathi kwezindlela zokuthenga nezinkokhelo. I-Cat5e isebenza kahle kumaqondiso amancane, futhi i-Cat8 iyasebenzisa kakhulu kumaqondiso amancane kodwa amahle kakhulu emaphakathi kwezindawo zokusebenza.

Nakuba lezi zinhlangano zezikhala zinamandla amafanayo ase-RJ45, izikhala ezihle kakhulu zidinga ukuphambukwa kahle, ubukhulu bokwenza okuhle, kanye nokulandela izimboni zokufaka ngokuphelele ukuze zifanele ngezinkokhelo zazo.

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Izinkimbinkimbi Ezikuthintana Nokusebenza Kwesikhombisa Se-LAN Kukusetshenziswa Kwempilo

Ukusebenza kwesikhombisa se-LAN kuyidelela ukubhalwa kwakhe kuphela. Umkhawulo wendawo yokufaka, ubukhulu besikhombisa, nokudesigna kwenethiwekhi zonke zikuthintana nokuthola okuphathelene nokuthumela.

Ubude besikhombisa yisibonelo esikhulu kakhulu. Izikhombisa zesikhombisa esiphakeme zinokusiza ukuthumela ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa ukusebenza okuphakeme kugcina ukuphela ngekuphela kwebude. Isibonelo, isikhombisa se-Cat8 singathumela ngokushesha kakhulu kodwa sifundwa ngokuvamile ukuthumela kubude obuncane, ngakho-ke isikhombisa se-Cat6a singabona ukuthumela ngokushesha kwe-10Gbps kubude be-100 meters.

Ukuthintana kwe-magnetic (EMI) yisibonelo esinye esikuthintana nokuphatha kwenethiwekhi. Emaphakathi aphakeme kwezinhlobo zezinto zokusebenza zemithambo, izinhlobo zezindawo zokusebenza, noma emaphakathi aphakeme kwezikhombisa zokufaka, izikhombisa zesikhombisa esizihlukanayo (STP) zingasiza ukuncima ukuthintana kwe-signal futhi ukwakha ubukhulupheli.

Ukufaka kwezinto ngokuphelele kuyasebenza kakhulu. Ukubendisa kakhulu, ukugcina okungafanele kwemithambo yezikhala, izipaneli zokugcina ezingafanele, nokungafanele kokwahlula kusukela kwezikhala zokusebenza kuzokwenza ububi kwesiqondiso. Abasemthwakathi bokusebenza kwezikhala besebenzisa izinkampani zokuzimisela ukuzivikela ukuthi isikhala sakwa-LAN esifakiwe sifanele kumathuluzi wokusebenza.

Kubizindaba zokusebenza kwezindustria, abasemthwakathi bangebafuna izikhala zakwa-LAN ezihlukene nezijabha eziphambili okunokubhekana nomkhumbulo, ukuguqula kwetempurechura, umshado, noma ukubhekana nokuchitha kwezichitho.

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Kuyikho ngoko-ke i-"WAN cable"? Ukuvumela ukuxhumana kwe-WAN

Kungani i-WAN cable ayikho njengomthwalo wezikhala owodwa

Abaningi abahlala bathembeka "WAN cable" xa baphelela izikhala zokuxhumana, kodwa ngokwemvelo, akukho mthwalo wezikhala owodwa othiwa ngokuthi i-WAN cable.

Umkhakha we- Wide Area Network (WAN) uyabondela izindawo eziningi kumaqhakatha, emaqhakatheni amabili, noma kumazwe amaningi. Ngaphandle kwe-LAN, okuyisisekelo sezinkampani zokusebenza kwe-Ethernet ephakathi kwesikhumba, ukubondela kwe-WAN kuyidependa kuma-providers wosizo nokusebenzisa imithombo yezinhlangano zokuxhumana.

Ukuxhumana kwemiphahla okusetshenziswa kwezinhlangano zokuxhumana kungafaka kakhulu izihlangu zokuxhumana ngokwemikhakha, izihlangu zokuxhumana ngokwemithambo yezilwane, izihlangu zokuxhumana ngokwemithambo yezilwane zokuphatha izimelo, noma izinhlangano zokuxhumana ngokwemithambo yezilwane. Umkhakha owodwa uyidependa kuma-Internet Service Provider (ISP), ukwakha kwe-network, nokuthenga kwe-bandwidth.

Isibonelo, indawo yomkhakha wendawo yokusebenza ingaxhumana nenethwekhi yendawo yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa isebenza sokuxhumana ngokwemikhakha, ngakho endawo enye ingasebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-broadband okutholakala ngokusebenzisa izihlangu zokuxhumana ngokwemithambo yezilwane noma izihlangu zokuxhumana ngokwemithambo yezilwane zokuphatha izimelo. Kuzo zombili izindawo, abasebenzi baxhumana ne-WAN, kodwa izihlangu zokuxhumana zokwemiphahla ziyahlukahluka.

Ngakho-ke, izibonelo zokusebenza kufanele bazilinde indlela yokuthenga ikhabeli esithile se-WAN. Kodwa kufanele bafokusiswe kuzo zonke izinkampani zokusebenza kwe-WAN, izinkampani zokusebenza kwenethiwekhi, nokuthunyelwa kwesikhathi.

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Izinkampani zokusebenza eziphathelene nesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-WAN

Izinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-WAN ziyasebenzisa izinkampani ezahlukeneyo zokuthunyelwa ngokuphathana nezilinganiso zokuphakama, ukuvamisa kwezinye izinkampani, nokubhekana nezinkinga zokuthengisa.

Izikhabeli zokusebenza kwe-fiber optic ziyasebenziswa ngokwanele kwezinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-WAN zokuphakama ngoba zinakho ukuthunyela ubukhulu obukhulu be-bandwidth, ukungathunyelwa kwe-signal okuncane, nokuthinteka kakhulu kwezinkinga zokuthunyelwa kwezinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-electromagnetic. Ziyasebenziswa ngokwanele kwezinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-backbone, kwezinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-metropolitan, nokuthunyelwa kwezibonelo zokusebenza.

Izikhabeli zokusebenza kwe-copper-based twisted pair ziyasebenziswa kwezinye izinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-WAN, futhi kuzo zikhiywa izinhlangano zokusebenza kwe-DSL. Nakuba azikwazi ukufanana nokusebenza kwe-fiber, ziyaphakanyiswa kakhulu emazweni apho izinkampani zokusebenza kwe-copper zihlala zisebenza.

Icable yomkhakha yisibonelo esinye sesikhundla sokuthumela emuva kwe-intanethi yamacable. Iyakwamukela imisebenzi yebhrodbhandi ephelele kanye nokusebenza kakhulu kwezinhlangano zemifuba ne-icables yomkhakha (HFC).

Isinsiso sokuqonda kukuthi ukuxhumeka kwe-WAN kuyiphakade ngokwesikhundla senethiwekhi kanye nesizinda sezinkampani zokusebenza, akukho icable esodwa esikhethekile.

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I-LAN Cable nase-WAN Port: Ukuziqonda ukuchaza okuphelele

I-LAN ne-WAN ziyizinhlangano zezinkomba ezahlukene, akuzi-icables ezahlukene.

Isibonelo esihlukene kakhulu kukuthi i-LAN cables ne-WAN cables ziyizinto ezahlukene ngokwesithunywa. Ngempela, ukuchaza phakathi kwe-LAN ne-WAN kuyiphakade ngokwesikhundla senethiwekhi.

I-LAN port kwi-router noma kwi-switch iyaxhuma izinkampani zemithombo yendawo, njengezinkhompyutha, iziprinta, nezinkampani zokufinyelela. Iyasebenza ukulawula ukuxhumeka kusilinganiso sendawo yekhaya.

Indipho ye-WAN iyaxhuma umkhukhu wendawo kumkhukhu wokunye, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwe-Internet Service Provider. Iyasebenza njenge-gateway phakathi kwe-LAN yendawo ne-internet enkulu.

Amaphoynti we-LAN ne-WAN angahlanganisa isikhundla se-RJ45 esifanayo nemithwalo ye-Ethernet esifanayo. Umahluko uyakhiwa ngokuthi imithwalo yekhompuyutha yenzela nokubhekisela idatha.

Lokhu kukuthi imithwalo ye-Ethernet eyisisekelo ingahlanganisa ngokupheleleyo noma yimaphoynti we-LAN noma yamaphoynti we-WAN, kodwa umbono wokuxhuma kuyakhiwa ngokupheleleyo kuhluke.

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Ukusebenza kwe-WAN Protocols kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemithwalo yekhompuyutha

Ukuxhumana kwe-WAN kuchaza amaprothokholi okuxhumana okuvumela ukuthi idatha lihambisane ngaphezulu kwezinhlobo zezinkulungwane zokuxhumana.

Izintshumayelo zokuthi ngokufanayo ne-PPPoE, ne-MPLS, ne-IPsec zinconywa ukuchaza okuphelele phakathi kwezindawo noma izindlela zokuthumela zihlukahlukene. Isibonelo, idatha inokuthembeka kusuka kumkhompyutha othunyelwe ngolwazi lwe-Ethernet LAN, ishaya i-router, ishaya isikhundla sokuthumela ngolwazi lwesifuba (fiber optic backbone), futhi ekugcineni isafela kwindawo yendawo enye.

Lezi ziprothokholi zihlukisa ukuchaza kwenethiwekhi kusukela kubhodi yekhablejha yezinkampani, kusivumela ukuthi abakhona bakhwele amasistimu asebenza kahle nokwakha kahle kwenethiwekhi.

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Ukukhetha ikhablejha esihle se-LAN yokuqondwa kwakho

Ukukhetha ikhablejha esihle se-LAN isiphambano ngokufanele kwezinkinga zakho zokuchaza kwenethiwekhi, indawo yokufaka, nokulandela ukuthi kuzoba kuyasebenza kahle kusasa.

Kuma-Office amancane nezinkinga zokuchaza ezingaphansi, i-Cat5e noma i-Cat6 ziyisisekelo esihle. Abakhona abadinga ubungakanani obukhulu kwezinkampani, ukuthumela ividiyo, noma ukuthumela idatha enkulu kufanele bakhethe i-Cat6a noma izinhlobo eziningi kunele.

Amazwe okusebenzisa nezindustria kufanele zilahlwe kwezinkinga zokuvimbisa, ubukhulu bekhabheli, nokuzimisela kwezindlela zokufaka.

Ukusebenzisa noma ukuxhumana Umthengisi wakhabheli we-LAN noma umthengisi wakhe kungasiza izibonelo ukukhetha amakhhabheli okuhlanganisa okulinganayo ngokwesikhundla sokusebenza, izimo zokusebenza, nokuthi yiziphi iziphumo ezizobuyela emuva kweminyaka.

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Imibuzo eyisifundiswa ngokuvamile ngamakhhabheli we-LAN

Umbuzo wokuphakeme ngamakhhabheli we-LAN uyini?

Ikhhabheli le-LAN ilinganisa izinkampani zokusebenza ezihlukaniswe kwi-LAN esinye futhi iyenza ukuthi izinqamuzi zokuthenga izinto kubalwa phakathi kwezinkampani zokusebenza, izikhombi, izikhombi zokugcina, nezinye izinkampani.

I-Category ye-LAN ephakeme kakhulu yini kuma-network yezibonelo?

I-Cat6 ne-Cat6a zingamathuba angu-2 aqondwa kakhulu kuma-network yezibonelo manje ngoba zinika ukuthenga okuphelele kwe-gigabit ne-10Gbps ngokuthi ziyisifundiswa kakhulu ngokuthi zingahleli kakhulu.

Ikhhabheli ye-WAN iyilingana nekhhabheli ye-LAN?

Cha. Icable le-WAN ayikho ikhategoria yamacable emfanekiswe. Amacable we-WAN angahlangan amacable we-fiber optic, amacable we-coaxial, noma amacable we-copper ngokwesikhundla se-service provider kunye ne-design yenethiwek.

Ngakho kungakanani icable le-Ethernet ekhuluma ne-LAN ne-WAN ports?

Yebo. Icable le-Ethernet esifanayo singakhuluma ngokuphysically nezinye iziphasi, kodwa i-LAN ne-WAN ports zinamasevisi ahlukene okunethiwek.

I-LAN cable ingaba yini ubude bakhe?

Izicathulo zezicathulo ze-Ethernet zihlukile zingasiza ku-100 meters ngokwesiphetho esisodwa. Izicathulo zezinkampani eziningi zingasiza kubude obuncane kune-100 meters.